Handling Vehicle Emergencies & Breakdowns
Knowing how to respond to a vehicle emergency can mean the difference between a close call and a serious collision. The California DMV tests drivers on correct emergency procedures.
Brake Failure
If your brakes fail, downshift to a lower gear to slow the vehicle. Pump the brake pedal rapidly to build pressure. Use the parking/emergency brake gradually — applying it too fast can cause a skid. Steer toward an uphill slope or a collision with a low-damage object (bushes, guardrail) as a last resort. Sound your horn and flash your lights to warn others.
Tire Blowout
If a front tire blows out, the car will pull to the side of the blowout. Grip the steering wheel firmly and do not brake suddenly. Ease off the accelerator gradually. Once the car is under control, gently brake and steer to the right shoulder. A rear blowout may cause the rear of the vehicle to fishtail.
Vehicle Breakdown
If your vehicle breaks down, get completely off the road if possible. Turn on your hazard lights immediately. If you must stop on the freeway, stay in the vehicle with your seatbelt on (off the roadway if possible). Call for help. Set out flares or reflective triangles if you have them and it is safe to do so.
Key Rules at a Glance
- Brake failure — first action: Downshift and pump the brake pedal
- Tire blowout — do not: Do not brake suddenly; ease off accelerator
- Breakdown on freeway: Pull fully off road, hazard lights on, stay in vehicle
- Parking brake during brake failure: Apply gradually to avoid skid